Summertime Dangers for Pets: Tips from a Veterinarian
Salt Water Toxicity
If your dog enjoys playing on the ocean beach, exercise caution. Dogs may not realize that salt water can be dangerous, and excessive consumption can lead to severe hypernatremia or salt poisoning. Initial symptoms of hypernatremia include vomiting and diarrhea, but it can quickly progress to neurologic signs like incoordination, seizures, profound depression, and, ultimately, severe brain swelling. Hypernatremia requires careful treatment with intravenous fluids administered by a veterinarian. To prevent this issue, carry a fresh bottle of tap water and offer it to your dog regularly while playing on the beach.
Pool Chemicals
If you have a pool or ornamental pond, keep pool chemicals out of reach. While properly diluted algaecides and chlorine shock treatments are generally safe, undiluted pool chemicals, such as chlorine bleach tablets, can be corrosive and, if ingested directly, can cause severe mouth, esophagus, and stomach ulcers, leading to life-threatening punctures of the gastrointestinal tract. Always store pool chemicals in a securely locked area and avoid leaving open containers poolside.
Sunscreen Lotion
Surprisingly, sunscreen can be toxic to pets if ingested in substantial quantities. Sunscreens contain potentially harmful chemicals like PABA, zinc oxide, salicylic acid (aspirin), and laxatives. Consuming large amounts of these substances can result in severe gastroenteritis, bone marrow changes, liver damage, gastric ulcers, and even kidney failure. Although it's rare for pets to ingest large quantities of sunscreen, they may lick it off if you apply it to your pet. Most dogs do not need sunscreen unless they are white with a pink nose, live in a sunny, high-elevation area, spend a lot of time outdoors, or have specific medical conditions. If you must use sunscreen on your pet, consult your veterinarian for recommendations on pet-safe or child-safe products.
Flea and Tick Medications
During spring and summer, flea and tick infestations are prevalent. Ensure your pets are protected with safe, effective flea and tick prevention medications to avoid the discomfort of bites, flea allergy dermatitis, or tick-borne diseases like Lyme disease, Ehrlichia, Anaplasma, or Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever. Various preventive options are available, such as oral pills and topical spot-on treatments, often requiring a prescription. It's important to note that some pets may be sensitive to certain products, and misapplication can lead to severe adverse reactions. Additionally, some flea products meant for dogs can be toxic to cats if misapplied, resulting in symptoms like seizures and tremors.
Stings and Insect Bites
For outdoor activities in mosquito-prone areas, consider using a flea and tick preventive that also targets mosquitoes and is approved for use on your pet. However, it's generally unnecessary for cats because their thick fur coat usually protects them from mosquito bites, and they are less prone to Lyme disease. Cats can be sensitive to chemicals and drugs, so always consult a veterinarian before using any product on a cat. If you find a tick on your pet, use disposable gloves and tweezers to remove it carefully.
More serious bites like snake or scorpion stings require immediate veterinary attention. Keep your dog on a leash in areas where these encounters are possible to prevent bites. In case of a snakebite, avoid attempting any first aid measures and seek professional veterinary care promptly.
In summation, the key to keeping your pets safe during the summer is to stay informed about potential toxins and take appropriate precautions. Provide fresh water, store chemicals securely, read flea and tick preventative labels, and consult your vet when starting new medications. If you suspect your pet has ingested something harmful, don't hesitate to contact the 24/7 Pet Helpline for guidance or concerns.
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